Cuneiform was a form of early communication used in the Fertile Crescent region. The last option is correct.
Cuneiform or Sumerian cuneiform, refers to one of the earliest systems of writing invented by the Sumerians. It is distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus. The term cuneiform means "wedge shaped". It was created seeking to to convey the Sumerian language.