The statetement: "The first measure by the U.S. government to examine the effects of air pollution was the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955," is true.
The Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 was the first Clean Air Act enacted by Congress to address the national environmental problem of air pollution on July 14, 1955.
The Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 was the first federal legislation involving air pollution. This Act provided funds for federal research in air pollution.
Later, the Clean Air Act of 1963 was the first federal legislation regarding air pollution control. It established a federal program within the United States.