Final answer:
During the nineteenth century, significant changes and conflicts occurred in Great Britain, France, the Austrian Empire, and Russia. These included industrialization in Britain, the autocratic rule in Russia, political decline in Austria, and a state of relatively peaceful in continental Europe.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the nineteenth century, several changes and conflicts took place in Great Britain, France, the Austrian Empire, and Russia. Great Britain experienced industrialization, transforming into an advanced industrial economy with a liberal constitution and a declining monarchy. In contrast, Russia remained primarily an agricultural economy under the autocratic rule of the Tsar. The Austrian Empire faced political decline and ruptured alliances due to its neutrality in the Crimean War. The backdrop of these struggles was a state of peace in continental Europe, with less international conflict compared to previous centuries.