Final answer:
The Huns were fierce nomadic warriors from central Asia, the Goths were a Germanic people who settled in the Roman territories and occasionally conflicted with Rome, and the Visigoths were a branch of the Goths who established a kingdom in Spain. The Huns' migration into Europe pressured other Germanic peoples like the Goths and Vandals to move into Roman territories, leading to significant historical events like the sack of Rome.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Huns were a nomadic group of warriors from the central Asian steppes, known for their expertise in horsemanship and their fierce, seemingly unstoppable approach to warfare. They have been historically characterized as cruel and formidable conquerors, arriving in Europe from central Asia around the fifth century and contributing to the downfall of the Western Roman Empire. Their most notable leader was Attila, who expanded the Hunnic Empire across Europe until his death in 454.
The Goths were a Germanic people who moved into Roman territories after being displaced by the Huns in 376. Upon facing extortion and unfair treatment from Roman officials, the Goths revolted, culminating in the Battle of Adrianople in 378 where they defeated a Roman army and killed Emperor Valens. The Goths' impact on Rome continued with further incursions and the sack of Rome in 410 CE by their king, Alaric.
Visigoths were initially part of the larger Gothic tribe, and following the sack of Rome, they were settled by the Romans in southern Gaul as federates. They eventually took over most of Spain after displacing the Vandals and other groups. The term 'Visigoths' translates to 'western Goths' and this group established a significant kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula that lasted for centuries.
The invasion and movement of the Huns into Europe had enormous repercussions on the migration of Germanic peoples. The Huns put significant pressure on the frontiers of the Roman Empire, causing tribes like the Goths and others to move further into Roman territory and beyond in search of safety and new lands for settlement. This led to key events such as the Goths' sack of Rome and the establishment of new Germanic kingdoms on former Roman lands.