Question

1.Which sequence of amino acids corresponds with the RNA strand UCG GGG CAC? (picture showing)

A) arginine serine glycine
B) phenylalanine asparagine
C) serine glycine histidine
D) arginine tyrosine glutamic acid

2.Artificial Selection is a form of selection in which humans actively choose which traits should be passed onto offspring. Humans have used selective breeding long before Darwin's ideas on natural selection and the discovery of genetics. Farmers chose cattle with beneficial traits such as larger size or producing more milk, and bred them and although they may have known nothing about genes, they knew that the beneficial traits could be inherited. The farmers selected for certain traits in their cattle and probably noticed that the offspring were becoming more and more productive with each generation. Most breeds of household dogs that exist today are due to artificial selection. The original bloodline is from wolf-like animals that were domesticated and bred for more docile traits. Now we have a huge range of dog breeds.
Hunting is a form of artificial selection. Defend or refute this statement based on the principles of artificial selection.
A) Hunting is not a form of artificial selection but a form of natural selection. The strongest survive; the weakest are culled and killed. The superior traits are passed down to the next generations.
B) Hunting is also a form of artificial selection, with the genes that humans want (i.e., the buck with the most points on his antlers), is bred into the gene pool, allowing the them to pass on to future generations.
C) Hunting is a form of artificial selection. Hunters tend to weed out the weakest of any population, deer, fish, quail, and leave the stronger. The traits of the stronger members are then passed down to future generations.
Eliminate
D) Hunting is a form of negative artificial selection, with the genes that humans want (i.e., the biggest buck or largest fish), being removed from the gene pool, allowing the less wanted genes to pass on to the next generation.

Answer 1

Question 1

The answer is C. Codon is 3 nucleotide sequences that code for an amino acid. The Amino Acid Translation Table depicts the 20 amino acids and which codons codes for them. Codons are essential in the translation of mRNA to polypeptides by ribosomes and tRNA.

Question 2

The answer is D. Hunting, especially by humans, tend to target the best attributes in the prey such as palatability and also the size of the prey (the larger the better). Therefore, this eventually leaves the population with ‘undesirable individuals’ that pass on genes to next generations. Hunting causes genetic drift of the prey population due to artificial selection.