Answer:
The remainder is the integer that you need to subtract to an integer number to have an exact division when it is divided by another integer.
A word problem can be:
"The father of 3 sons buys 14 pencils, and he wants to give the same number of pencils to each of his sons, and if there are some remainder pencils, he will keep those. How many pencils does the father keep?"
We have that 14/3 = 4 with a remainder of 2.
So the amount of pencils that the father keeps is 2.
This is an example of how the remainder of a quotient can be useful in some situations.