Final answer:
Mangrove roots are adapted for wetland life through aerial roots, pneumatophores, and aerenchyma, which help with anchoring, gas exchange, and oxygen diffusion, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The roots of mangroves have unique adaptations that make them well-suited for life in wetlands. One key adaptation is the development of pneumatophores, which are specialized upward-growing roots that contain pores for gas exchange.
These pneumatophores allow mangroves to obtain oxygen in waterlogged soils where it is scarce. Additionally, some mangroves have aerial roots which grow above the ground and descend to help anchor the trees in the unstable soil. Moreover, the root cortex contains large spaces known as aerenchyma, which provide a path for oxygen to diffuse down to the tips of the roots that are embedded in oxygen-poor sediments.