The correct answer is A) temperament.
Feelings or affect that occur when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his/her well-being are known as temperament.
The temperament of an individual is the way he behaves, reacts or conducts itself in different moments or scenarios. The temperament of an individual expresses its emotions when facing or reacting to a specific situation. For instance, your temperament when facing conflict can be aggressive and you start to scream and insult in order to gain an argument.
The other options of the question were B) emotion. C) personality trait. D) feeling states.