Answer:
The literary device that is used in this excerpt from Book 24 of Homer's Odyssey to describe Ulysses’s happiness is a metaphor
Step-by-step explanation:
A metaphor is a literary device where you make a comparison of two things that are not actually related, here the sun is a comparison of happiness for Ulysses and it is mention several times in the excerpt to highlight that it is an important thing in the story, the sun has been given positive qualities by many writers due to its brightness and shine.