Step-by-step explanation:
First, let's find the slope of the given line. The slope can be calculated as:
Where (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are the coordinates of two points in the line. Replacing (x1, y1) by (-1, -1) and (x2, y2) by (3, 1), we get
Then, the slope of a perpendicular line multiplied by 1/2 will be equal to -1. So, the slope of a perpendicular line can be calculated as:
Therefore, the equation of the perpendicular line that passes through (-1, -1) will be