Question

Clusters of specialized immune cells located throughout the gastrointestinal tract are known as

Answer 1

Clusters of specialized immune cells in the gastrointestinal tract are known as Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), with Peyer's patches being a prominent example in the small intestine.

Step-by-step explanation:

Clusters of specialized immune cells located throughout the gastrointestinal tract are known as Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). These clusters form aggregated lymphoid follicles, and within the small intestine, they are also referred to as Peyer's patches. Peyer's patches play a critical role in immune responses against ingested substances and pathogens. Specialized cells within these patches, known as microfold or M cells, transport antigens from the intestinal lumen to the lymphoid follicles. Dendritic cells then present these antigens to T cells and B cells to initiate an immune response. Additionally, IgA and other antibodies are secreted into the intestinal lumen to help maintain the mucosal barrier and prevent bacterial pathogens from entering the bloodstream.

Answer 2

Paneth cells are specialized immune cells that are found in the gastrointestinal tract. Paneth cells act as anti-microbial defence for our bodies. It is found in the crypts of the intestine. It is also responsible for the renewal of epithelial layer cells which keep bacteria from entering the intestines.