A function is a set of ordered pairs in which no 2 pairs with the same first element have a different second element.
If you think about it, it makes sense. Think about f(x) = x + 1. The pairs (x, f(x)) look like (1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5), etc. If you also had (1,3) in the set, then there'd be two different answers for 1+1. The same applies to any function. There can only be one result for a given input value. Your welcome!!