suppose Julia made x dollars in 2015, and Anna made y dollars.
in 2016, Julia made (x+30,000) and Anna made (y+10,000)
In 2016, after they paid 50% tax, they still had 80,000, which means before tax they had a total of 160,000, so
(x+30,000)+(y+10,000)=160,000
simplify: x+y=120,000
in 2015, Julia earned 20,000 more than Anna, so x=y+20,000. Plug it in the above equation: y+20,000+y=120,000
y=50,000
x=y+20,000=70,000
Julia made 70,000 dollars in 2015.