Final answer:
In the stroma of the chloroplast, carbon dioxide is used to build sugars during the Calvin cycle, and energy is transferred to ATP.
Step-by-step explanation:
The parts of photosynthesis that occur in the stroma of the chloroplast include the use of carbon dioxide to build sugars and the transfer of energy to ATP. Specifically, during the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma, carbon dioxide (CO2) is used to build sugars like glucose while energy carried by ATP and NADPH, produced during the light-dependent reactions, is utilized.
The other options provided in the question, namely the capture of the Sun’s energy and the production of oxygen, occur during the light-dependent reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membranes, not the stroma.