Final answer:
The Hundred Years' War resulted in the strengthening of Parliament and representative government in England, reinforced a strong monarchy in France, changed military practices with new weapon technologies, and provided social mobility for peasants.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Hundred Years' War, a series of conflicts between England and France from 1337 to 1453, led to several important outcomes. One result was the strengthening of Parliament's role and the shaping of the House of Lords and the House of Commons in England, eventually fostering a representative government. Meanwhile, in France, the conflict resulted in the reinforcement of a strong monarchy as regional assemblies were reluctant to cede power. The war also brought about significant changes in military practices, including the decline of traditional cavalry as new weapons like the longbow and gunpowder-based firearms changed the nature of warfare. Additionally, these advances offered social mobility for peasants, who could now earn wages and share in spoils as part of professional armies. In the end, the war concluded with France regaining territories and emerging as the dominant kingdom in western Europe.