Final answer:
Fossil evidence, molecular evidence, and anatomy and embryology provide evidence of evolution in the 1860s.
Step-by-step explanation:
The types of evidence available in the 1860s to indicate that evolution had occurred on Earth include:
- Fossil Evidence: Fossils provide a record of past organisms and show how they have changed over time.
- Molecular Evidence: The study of molecules and DNA confirms conclusions about evolution and can be used to determine how closely species are related.
- Anatomy and Embryology: Similar structures in different organisms, known as homologous structures, indicate a common ancestor.
These types of evidence were used by Charles Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species to support his theory of evolution by natural selection.