Final answer:
To study gas giant planets, direct imaging and infrared observations using telescopes like JWST and Hubble are effective. Missions similar to Juno would provide close examination. Pre-mission, understand the solar system's characteristics, the planet's orbit, gravity, atmosphere, and magnetism.
Step-by-step explanation:
To study gas giant planets, various techniques and technologies can be utilized depending on the attributes of the planet and what information is sought. For instance, to explore young gas giant planets that emit infrared light and are located at considerable distances from their stars, direct imaging is one of the effective methods. It leverages the fact that these planets retain significant internal heat from their formation, thus emitting substantial infrared radiation.
When using a large modern telescope for such studies, one might consider the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) or the Hubble Space Telescope for their ability to capture high-resolution images and detect faint infrared signals, respectively. An alternative approach could involve sending a dedicated mission, such as a space probe, to examine the gas giants more closely. For example, a mission akin to the Juno spacecraft could yield significant insights into these vast worlds, prioritizing those with the most intriguing or least understood characteristics based on preliminary observations.
In preparation for sending a probe to a distant planet such as Jupiter, one must know the characteristics of the solar system, including the target planet's orbit, gravitational field, atmospheric composition, and magnetic environment. This information is crucial to design a spacecraft that can survive and navigate such extreme conditions.