the order of the incidents are
1. Ophelia rejects Hamlet - This made Hamlet angry and told her that she should become a nun because women don't deserve much more
2. the play within a play - Hamlet had the actors enact the events from his real life so as to see whether Claudius will reveal his guilt
3. Claudius' attempted prayer - He regret what he did but he know that it's too late now
4. Polonius killed - Because hamlet mistakenly thought it's claudius and killed him
5. Hamlet meets with queen- and the ghost soon re-appear to him