Final answer:
Hanna's interests in factories and mass production align with an industrial society, defined by technological advancements and mechanized labor that enabled large-scale production and urbanization. So the correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of society that best fits Hanna's interests in the development of factories and the history of mass production is an industrial society. An industrial society is marked by the use of advanced technology to support mass production, leading to a high level of goods production and often a more urban lifestyle. The emergence of industrial societies marked a significant change from earlier societies that were largely agricultural or based on small-scale manufacturing.
These societies came about after the Industrial Revolution, which introduced mechanized labor and greater economic production. Industrial societies have more control over the impact of their surroundings and develop different cultural features as compared to preindustrial societies, which rely on limited technology and local resources. Sociologist Gerhard Lenski classified societies along a spectrum of their level of industrialization - from preindustrial to industrial, and even post-industrial in contemporary times.
Preindustrial societies, such as hunting and gathering or agrarian societies, were characterized by limited technology and a reliance on the environment for survival. The agrarian society notably first allowed for permanent residents due to a more stable food supply. Comparatively, horticultural societies were similar to hunter-gatherers, but with the ability to settle due to non-nomadic food sources. Yet, it is the industrial society that most accurately represents Hanna's interests as it is defined by large-scale, mechanized production processes.