Answer: The term "urbanization" refers to the movement (a.) from rural areas to cities.
Step-by-step explanation: The term "urbanization" is used to make reference to a process that consists in moving from a rural area or the countryside to a urban area, that is to say to a city. In the last decades, there has been a significant increase in urbanization due to the fact that cities are offering more job opportunities, high-quality education and better life conditions to citizens.