The correct answer to this open question is the following.
The historical and cultural context of "Civil Peace" is important to understanding and appreciating the story in that the author wanted to share the suffering, pain and difficult times that Nigerian people lived after the Nigerian Civil War. Thousands of people, if not more, died during the armed confrontation, leaving a trail of sadness and sorrow.
Chinua Achebe wrote the short story "Civil Peace" in 1971. This story refers to the Nigeria Civil War times, from 1967 to 1970 and the relative civil peace that ensued.