A common theme of medieval texts was:
B. how to determine the difference between right and wrong.
Medieval literature, clearly influenced by Christianity and early Paganism, often presented allegories depicting the ongoing conflict and differences between right and wrong.
One of the most famous examples of the right vs. wrong conflict is illustrated in the epic Beowulf, in which the eponymous heroic man faces evil creatures, such as Grendel, that ravage the peace of a kingdom.