Final answer:
The type of context clue that uses logic and reasoning skills is called deductive reasoning, which involves using general principles to predict specific conclusions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of context clue that uses logic and reasoning skills is referred to as deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning involves using general principles to make specific predictions or conclusions. By applying this form of logical thinking, one can forecast specific outcomes based on broader laws or premises, which is essential in hypothesis-based science and argumentative writing. For example, from the understanding that all mammals have a backbone, one can deduce that if dolphins are mammals, then they must have a backbone as well.
Another form of logical thinking used in science is inductive reasoning, which contrasts with deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning uses observations to arrive at general conclusions. It is commonly used in descriptive sciences, where scientists observe patterns and draw generalizations from them. However, the question specifically asked about reasoning that employs logic and reasoning skills to arrive at a conclusion, thus, the answer would be deductive reasoning.