The answer is B: etymology. The lineage of a word is called its etymology.
Etymology is the origin and study of a word or words, or the study of word origins. It's the lineage or "family" of a word.
Synonym - a word or phrase that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word or phrase.
Antonym - a word or phrase twhose meaning is the opposite of another word or phrase.
Anthropology - the study of the human race, its culture and society, and its physical development.