Question

The capacity of a brain area to develop new neural pathways as it adjusts to damage is known as

Answer 1

This is neural plasticity. The brain can take areas that were damaged through injury or other trauma and "re-wire" itself to use areas that were lesser-used as compensation. This allows a person who might have total loss of use of a certain pathway to regain some semblance of use by taking a different neural route to get the message transmitted.