Final answer:
The dendrites are the structures on a neuron that receive messages from other neurons.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of the neuron that receives messages from other neurons is called the dendrite. Dendrites are tree-like structures extending away from the neuron's cell body. Their primary function is to receive electrical signals at specialized junctions known as synapses, where contact is made with the axon terminals of other neurons. With their branched form, dendrites increase the surface area for receiving these signals, sometimes connecting a single neuron to thousands of others, facilitating complex neural communication.