Answer:
In very rough terms, Aristotle´s distinction of tragedy and comedy boils down to the constitution of the hero of the story and his or her final outcome. For the first one, the hero in a tragedy is usually an honorable and strong willed character who possess a determining flaw (like pride) that, in his struggle against fate, gods, or circumstances, set him or her up for a terrible outcome that should inspire in the audience a sense of catharsis and piety. As for the comic hero, he is, from the outset, a flawed character who seems to be running against a disastrous fate but that, through a felicitous twist in the story, does not meet a tragic end but rather a fortuitously happy or advantageous end.