Final answer:
A guest who stumbles and sways after consuming drinks is showing signs of alcohol intoxication, which affects the brain's coordination and balance due to impairment of the cerebellum.
Step-by-step explanation:
After serving several drinks, a guest who stumbles when walking and sways when standing still is exhibiting signs of alcohol intoxication. Alcohol affects the brain's coordination and balance control, which is primarily managed by the cerebellum. Once the cerebellum's function is impaired by alcohol, individuals may exhibit muscle weakness, difficulty moving, problems with coordination, and difficulty maintaining balance. Diagnosis of intoxication is typically based on the history of events and a physical examination, sometimes supplemented by blood or breath testing to measure blood alcohol concentration (BAC).
Common symptoms of alcohol intoxication, in addition to difficulty with balance, include visual disturbances, slurred speech, drowsiness, and impaired judgment, reflecting the various effects that alcohol has on different brain regions. With higher levels of consumption, these symptoms can escalate to more severe outcomes, including a complete loss of consciousness or disruptive memory loss.