The correct answer is A. The importation of slaves from Africa
Step-by-step explanation:
In South America, the process of colonization began in the 15th century as Cristopher Columbus arrived in this territory in 1492. This process was not harmonious but led to multiple factors that caused the death of much of the Indian population this included fights and wars between Indian tribes and colonizers, the use of Indian population as slaves and illnesses such as smallpox colonizers brought to the New World.
As a result of this, colonizers lost the Indian population they used as slaves to extract natural resources, built settlements, etc. and it was then the importation of slaves from African became popular, especially because Africans were resistant to illnesses and could work in harsh conditions without debilitating or dying as it occurred with the Indian population. Thus, the one that was an important result of the death of the Indian population in South America was the importation of slaves.