Final answer:
The process by which a society decides how power and resources will be distributed within that society is called distributive justice. It involves determining how goods and services are allocated and balancing considerations of fairness, equality, personal freedom, and meeting the needs of disadvantaged members.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which a society decides how power and resources will be distributed within that society is called distributive justice. Distributive justice involves determining how goods and services are allocated, whether people are free to keep what they earn or whether all must contribute to the welfare of others. There are various principles and ideologies that guide societies in making these decisions, including considerations of fairness, equality, personal freedom, and meeting the needs of disadvantaged members.