Final answer:
The term describing software used by cybercriminals is malware. Malware is used in various hacking tactics to gain unauthorized access, steal information, and disrupt systems. Strong cybersecurity practices are vital to stop or reduce the impact of these actions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used to describe software utilized by cybercriminals is often referred to as malware. This malicious software is designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Cybercriminals use a variety of tactics, such as phishing schemes to trick individuals into clicking on harmful links, thus exposing their personal information or compromising their systems. Furthermore, hackers may employ malware to steal sensitive information, disrupt communications, and even spread disinformation. The impact of hacking can be tremendous, successfully breaching government intelligence, causing network outages, and weaponizing cyberspace during conflicts.
To combat these threats, strategies include implementing robust cybersecurity measures, using complex passwords, and regularly updating software to patch vulnerabilities. Governments and organizations are continuously developing methods to enhance their cyber defenses against these attacks to stop or reduce hacking.