Consider the polynomial function of degree m:

then if f(x) has a rational root, then that /those rational root/s have the form p/q, where p is a factor of b, the constant term, and q is a factor of a, the leading term.
This is called the Rational Root Theorem, or Rational Root test
in our case, a=8, and b=4
lets check the cases:
a. 3 not a factor of 4
b. 5 not a factor of 4
c. 4 a factor of 4, the other 4 is a factor of 8, so 4/4=1 could be a root,
let's check f(1)=8-5+3+4=10.
so 1 is not a zero, but it was a candidate for a rational root, according to the theorem.
d. 5 is not a factor of 4
Answer: C