The correct answer to this is:
“Microevolution”
Microevolution is an evolutionary change that occurs to small group of species within a short span of time. The cause of this occurrences are most commonly an external factor. For the case of moth, the soot produced by the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s resulted in trees to darken and other places in England where moths liked to perch. Because of this, light colored moths were more easily identified by predators against a dark background. Dark colored moths had a larger survival advantage since they could blend in against a similarly dark background. Natural selection or microevolution favoured the darker moths, therefore their proportion within the moth population increased.