216k views
1 vote
A fence 6 feet tall runs parallel to a tall building at a distance of 5 feet from the building. what is the length of the shortest ladder that will reach from the ground over the fence to the wall of the building?

1 Answer

2 votes

Answer:

15.53 feet

Explanation:

You want to know the length of the shortest ladder that will reach from the ground over a 6 ft fence to the wall of the building 5 ft beyond.

Partial lengths

For some angle α the ladder makes with the ground, the distance from the ground to the top of the fence can be found from the fence height h as ...

ground to fence = h/sin(α) = h·csc(α)

The distance from the top of the fence to the building can be found from the horizontal distance d as ...

fence to building = d/cos(α) = d·sec(α)

Minimum

The minimum of the total length can be found to be the angle at which the derivative of length with respect to α is zero.

L = h·csc(α) +d·sec(α)

dL/dα = -h·csc(α)cot(α) +d·sec(α)tan(α) = 0

Dividing this by d·csc(α)cot(α) gives ...

tan(α)³ -h/d = 0

The angle that minimizes the length of the ladder is ...

α = arctan(∛(h/d))

α = arctan(∛(6/5)) ≈ 46.74°

Ladder length

The attached calculator screen computes the total ladder length as the sum of the lengths to the fence and beyond.

The minimum length ladder is 15.53 feet.

__

Additional comment

The third attachment shows that a graphing calculator can easily find the minimum length from the above description of it in terms of angle. The graph uses angle in degrees and length in feet.

A Pythagorean theorem solution method can also be used. It generally works well to define x as the distance from the fence to the ladder base, then write the length as the sum of the hypotenuses of similar triangles with a size ratio of d/x. Minimizing the ladder length expression also involves a cubic. The solution is x = ∛(dh²), where L = (1+d/x)√(h²+x²)

A fence 6 feet tall runs parallel to a tall building at a distance of 5 feet from-example-1
A fence 6 feet tall runs parallel to a tall building at a distance of 5 feet from-example-2
A fence 6 feet tall runs parallel to a tall building at a distance of 5 feet from-example-3
User Gruszczy
by
7.4k points

No related questions found

Welcome to QAmmunity.org, where you can ask questions and receive answers from other members of our community.

9.4m questions

12.2m answers

Categories