In the given question, the scientist is studying an ecosystem.
A community of living species in combination with the nonliving constituents of their environment, associating as a system is known as an ecosystem. These abiotic and biotic constituents are associated together via energy flows and nutrient cycles.
A desert ecosystem is illustrated by the associations between the organism populations, the climate in which they thrive, and any other kind of non-living effects on the habitat. The deserts are usually dry areas that are typically related to warm temperatures.