Final answer:
The right and left halves of the cerebrum are called the cerebral hemispheres, connected by the corpus callosum. Each hemisphere controls the opposite side of the body and has four lobes responsible for different functions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The right and left halves of the cerebrum are called the hemispheres. Specifically, they are known as the right and left cerebral hemispheres. These two halves are connected by a structure known as the corpus callosum, which facilitates communication between them.
Each hemisphere is responsible for different functions and controls the opposite side of the body. The right hemisphere controls the left side of the body, while the left hemisphere controls the right side. Additionally, each hemisphere is divided into four sections known as lobes, which include the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, each with its own specialized functions. For example, the frontal lobe is associated with reasoning, the parietal lobe with touch, the temporal lobe with hearing, and the occipital lobe with sight.