Final answer:
A xeromammogram differs from a regular mammogram in that it uses a dry photography process to enhance image contrast, which is especially useful for detecting abnormalities in denser breast tissues. Both are incapable of diagnosing cancer on their own and are often used in conjunction with MRI, which has lower risks but does have limitations.
Step-by-step explanation:
A xeromammogram is a type of mammography, which is an X-ray of the human breast used to detect breast cancer. The distinguishing factor between a xeromammogram and a standard mammogram is in the technique used to produce the images. Xeromammography employs a special process of dry photography which enhances the contrast of the image. This is particularly useful when the difference in X-ray absorption by different types of soft tissue is minimal, such as with younger women who typically have denser breasts. Enhanced contrast can make abnormalities in breast tissue easier to detect.
Despite the enhancement, a xeromammogram is also incapable of diagnosing a malignant tumor but rather gives evidence of a lump or region of increased density within the breast. For older women, who generally have more fatty tissue in the breasts, regular mammograms might provide sufficient contrast for tumor detection without the need for the extra contrast provided by xeromammography. Both types of mammograms are important diagnostic tools, while MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is being used increasingly alongside conventional mammograms to improve detection rates and reduce false positives.
MRI is superior for imaging certain types of tissues and does not have the radiation risks associated with X-rays. However, it is used as a complimentary tool to X-rays because, for example, it is less effective in detecting bone breaks. The MRI process can be expensive and may cause discomfort to the patient due to a prolonged enclosed space, leading to instances of claustrophobia. Though not without its limitations, MRI often supplies information not readily obtained from X-rays alone.