The root-mean-square speed measures the average speed of the gas molecules. The relation of root-mean-square speed and the absolute temperature is based on the kinetic molecular theory of gases.
The root-mean-square speed define as ν_rms
where:
ν_rms = √(3RT/M)
R = universal gas constant; 0.8206 L-atm/mol-K
T = absolute temperature
M = molecular weight of gas particles
So, if the temperature of the gas is quadrupled the root-mean-square speed will be doubled.
Proof:
Since T is quadrupled, then T=4T
Substitute to the formula of root-mean-square speed,
ν_rms = √[3R(4T)/M]
= 2√(3RT/M) since the square root of 4 is 2
Therefore, root-mean-square speed is doubled when the absolute temperature is quadrupled.