The correct answer is C) environment and geography.
The two main factors that influenced the development of humans were the environment and geography.
These factors were of the utmost importance in the development of humans since the early civilizations times. For instance, that was the case of the Sumerians, who settled in the Middle East, between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. They benefited from the flooding of the rivers to produce good crops due to the fertile land. They established important city-states such as Uruk, Lagash, Kish, and Ur.