Question

Which statement best describes the role of tumor suppressor genes in cancer development? Select one: a. Tumor suppressor genes are a type of oncogene that is only active in germ line cells and tissues. b. Tumor suppressor genes control or modify the activity of oncogenes, reducing the risk for cancer development. c. The presence of tumor suppressor genes increases the risk for gene damage by environmental carcinogens. d. Tumor suppressor genes reduce/suppress immune function, increasing the risk for cancer development.

Answer 1

Tumor suppressor genes normally slow down or stop cell division. When these genes are mutated, they can no longer control cell division, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and an increased risk for cancer development.

Step-by-step explanation:

Tumor suppressor genes are genes that normally slow down or stop cell division. When a mutation occurs in a tumor suppressor gene, it can no longer control cell division. This leads to uncontrolled cell growth, which can lead to the development of cancer.

An example of a well-known tumor suppressor gene is p53, which is mutated in over 50 percent of all cancer types. The p53 protein acts as a transcription factor and regulates the activity of other genes involved in cell division. When p53 is mutated, it can no longer properly regulate gene expression, increasing the risk for cancer development.

Answer 2

b. Tumor suppressor genes control or modify the activity of oncogenes, reducing the risk for cancer development