Answer: D. all of the above
Step-by-step explanation:
The abstinence is the practice which involves the self restrainment. That prevents an individual to indulge in the activities which can give pleasure but not good for attaining a goal or these create a divergence from the normal life style. Such as alcohol abstinence, drug abstinence or other forms of abstinence.
The person should learn to refuse the favors that indulge in dependency for something like drugs or alcohol. Person should try to control itself and avoid the company of peer who are dependent on high doses of drugs and alcohol.