Final answer:
Scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and glomerulonephritis are complications associated with the Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Scarlet fever presents with a rash and fever, while rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis are sequelae that can affect the heart and kidneys respectively, following an untreated streptococcal infection.
Step-by-step explanation:
Scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and glomerulonephritis are all possible complications of an infection with the Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Scarlet fever is characterized by a high fever and a disseminated scarlet rash, often following a strep throat infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis are nonsuppurative sequelae, meaning they are complications that occur after the initial infection, often without the production of pus.
Rheumatic fever typically manifests 2-3 weeks after an untreated case of streptococcal pharyngitis and can lead to rheumatic heart disease. Acute glomerulonephritis can follow pharyngitis or skin infections caused by specific strains of S. pyogenes, generally developing within 6-10 days after a throat infection or up to 21 days after a skin infection. This condition is related to the formation of immune complexes that cause inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys.
These complications underline the importance of promptly diagnosing and treating infections with Streptococcus pyogenes to prevent further health problems.