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What is the literary device that uses a person or thing to represent something closely associated to it?

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It is a metonymy. A metonymy is a figure of speech that replaces the name of an object with something similar, or something that is generally associated with that object. Hope this helps!
User MachineLearner
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The answer is Metonymy. It consists in the substitution of a certain term for another, based on a relation of contiguity. In other words, the purpose is achieved that both terms belong to the same semantic field. The contiguity of metonymy can be expressed in different ways among them, belonging, succession, causality, provenance and succession.

User Ted Spence
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