When the problem asks for you to "dilate" I'm pretty sure it means for you to increase or make bigger. Think about when some people's pupils dilate, kinda like that.
We need to dilate AB by a factor of 2. So we will simply multiply the coordinates by 2:
For A(-3, 1)
-3 × 2= -6 and 1 × 2= 2
It is now A(-6, 2)
For B( 1, 4) you will do the same
1 × 2= 2 and 4 × 2= 8
It is now B(2, 8)
Now you can plot these new points and you will see that segment AB has become longer. In fact, it has become two times longer than it originally was. That's because we dilated the segment by a factor of 2 ;)
( Hope this helps :D !)