Final answer:
The volume of the new cube, with side lengths decreased to 20% of their original size, can be expressed as 0.008a^3.
Step-by-step explanation:
The volume of a cube is given by the formula V = a^3, where a is the side length of the cube. If we decrease the side lengths of the cube to 20% of their original size, the new side length will be 0.2a. Therefore, the volume of the new cube can be expressed as (0.2a)^3 = 0.008a^3.