Answer: World War II
Fascism developed in Italy primarily under the leader Benito Mussolini. It is associated with three political parties led by Mussolini: the Fascist Revolutionary Party (PFR) founded in 1915, the succeeding National Fascist Party (PNF), from 1921 to 1943 and the Republican Fascist Party from 1943 to 1945.
Italian fascism promoted Italian nationalism, syndicalism and national expansion. At the same time, it opposed liberalism and Marxist socialism. It also shared the racial overtones of Nazi ideology, and considered Italy the glorious descendant of Ancient Rome.