During the Taiping Rebellion, the peasants rebelled. It was mostly a civil war which killed scores of people. The movement was a millenarian movement. that just means that it occurred because of religious ideology. The movement was led by Hong Xiuquan who claimed he was Jesus' younger brother. Hong Xiuquan wanted to instill social reforms such as collective property, equality for women and replacing Confucian, Buddhist, Daoist and Chinese folk religion with Christianity.