Final answer:
The weight of the sled is 294.0 N, the normal force on the sled is also 294.0 N, and the acceleration of the sled is approximately 0.44 m/s^2.
Step-by-step explanation:
Weight of the Sled:
The weight of an object is the force of gravity acting on it. Weight is given by the equation: Weight = mass x gravity. In this case, the mass of the sled is 30.0 kg. Assuming a standard gravity value of 9.8 m/s^2, the weight of the sled is:
Weight = 30.0 kg x 9.8 m/s^2 = 294.0 N
Normal Force on the Sled:
The normal force is the perpendicular force exerted by a surface in contact with an object. In this case, since the sled is on a horizontal surface, the normal force is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the weight of the sled. Therefore, the normal force is also 294.0 N.
Acceleration of the Sled:
We can use Newton's second law of motion to calculate the acceleration. The net force acting on the sled is given by the sum of the forces exerted by the children minus the force of friction:
Net Force = Force pulling the sled + Force pushing the sled - Force of friction
Net Force = 12.0 N cos(45°) + 8.00 N - 5.00 N
Since acceleration is given by the equation: Net Force = mass x acceleration, we can rearrange the equation to solve for acceleration:
Acceleration = Net Force / mass
Substituting the given values, we have:
Acceleration = (12.0 N cos(45°) + 8.00 N - 5.00 N) / 30.0 kg
Rounding to the nearest hundredth, the acceleration of the sled is approximately 0.44 m/s^2.