Final answer:
Direct characterization occurs when a writer states a character's traits outright. In 'The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde', an example would be the straightforward description of Mr. Utterson's personality and appearance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which excerpts from The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde use direct characterization. Direct characterization happens when an author directly states a character's traits or attributes. An example of direct characterization may look something like this:
'Mr. Utterson the lawyer was a man of a rugged countenance that was never lighted by a smile; cold, scanty and embarrassed in discourse; backward in sentiment; lean, long, dusty, dreary and yet somehow lovable.'
Here, the author Robert Louis Stevenson directly describes Mr. Utterson, providing information about his appearance and personality upfront. Contrarily, indirect characterization would involve the reader inferring characteristics through actions, speech, or interactions between characters.
When analyzing excerpts for direct characterization, look for descriptive adjectives, phrases, or statements that plainly inform the reader about a character's qualities or aspects of their nature. This method of characterization provides clear details about characters, as seen in the above example, assisting readers in understanding their roles within the narrative without having to deduce this information from context.