Question

Which statement best describes energy and matter in a closed system? A. Energy and matter flow into and out of the system. B. Energy can flow into and out of the system but matter cannot. C. There is no energy in a closed system; there is matter. D. Energy and matter are contained within a closed system.

Answer 1

In a closed system, energy can flow into and out while matter remains constant, aligning with the First Law of Thermodynamics. So the correct option is B.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question you're asking relates to energy and matter in a closed system. In a closed system, matter does not enter or leave the system, meaning that the total amount of matter remains constant. However, energy can still be transferred in the form of heat or work. Therefore, the First Law of Thermodynamics, or the law of conservation of energy, states that energy is neither created nor destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another or be transferred into or out of the system. In contrast, an open system can exchange both energy and matter with its environment. An isolated system exchanges neither energy nor matter with its surroundings. In the context of your question, the best description for a closed system is that energy can flow into and out of the system, but matter cannot. Accordingly, the correct statement would be B. 'Energy can flow into and out of the system but matter cannot.'

Answer 2

Answer: Option (D) is the correct answer.

Step-by-step explanation:

When a system is closed then there will be no transfer of both matter and energy.

For example, when hot water is placed in a closed thermos then there will be no exchange of matter and energy from the system (thermos) to the surrounding.

Thus, we can conclude that the statement, energy and matter are contained within a closed system best describes energy and matter in a closed system.